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2021/11/30

Hydrogen Recovery form Refinery Off-gases


Background 



Hydrogen is one of the main intermediate products largely utilized in 

 

oil and petrochemical industries.

 

• It is used as a raw material and obtained in some processes as a by-product.

 

• The off-gas streams contain considerable amount of hydrogen, which are

 

mostly incinerated in refinery flares as a waste gas.

 
>Hydrocarbons are converted into hydrogen reformers in order to produce

 

the hydrogen needed for hydrogen consuming processes.

 

>Separation of hydrogen from an existing refinery off-gas stream

 

represents an opportunity to achieve significant cost reductions in refineries

>Cryogenic Technology (CT)

 

Separation principle:

 

Cryogenic technology is based on the difference in the relative

 

component volatility at low temperatures.

 

Disadvantages:

 

Extra compressors to increase the pressure at least 20 bar. CO2 separation

 

is necessary to avoid freezing the CO2 in line at low temperatures.





see simulation 



 

2021/11/29

Flash Calculations




Learning Objectives



How to make flash calculation in Hysys.



Flash evaporation is one of the simplest unit operation that

 

separates components into liquid and

 

vapor phased on relative volatility.

see simulation 










 

2021/11/28

Saturated Steam Table



Learning Objective 


How to obtain saturated steam properties in HYSYS


Background

 

The temperature window for saturated steam is up

 

to critical point of water that is 373.94 °C. So the

 

saturated steam table will be between 100 °C to 373 °C.

 

HYSYS property packages:

 

ASME Steam (1967)- Outdated NBS Steam (1984)-

 

higher pressure range up to 10000 bar and 2000 K.


Problem statement Calculate

 

the saturated steam properties from 100°C to 373°C. Create a table that shows pressure, molar enthalpy and molar entropy.


see simulation



 

Bubble Point and Dew Point Calculation



  Learning Objective 


Bubble point and dew point of pure components. 

 Bubble point and dew point of mixtures




Definitions 


Bubble Point: The bubble point is the point at which the first

 

drop of a liquid mixture begins to vaporize.

 

Dew Point: The dew point is the point at which the first vapor

 

of a gaseous mixture begins to condense.


see simulation 

















 

2021/11/26

OIL AND GAS SEPARATION





Learning objective 

How to conceptual design builder  to process the gas oil separation from an oil field 









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2021/11/25

Reactive Distillation in DWSIM



Learning Objective 


• How to setup chemical reaction kinetics in distillation column. 

• How to specify reaction chamber inside distillation column. 

• How to recover unreacted reactant and recycle it. 

• How to use pump and valve unit operations

Basic Information 


It integrates chemical reaction and distillation in a single apparatus. (reversible,

 

liquid phase reactions)


 Removing one or more of the products is one of the principles behind

 

reactive distillation


>reduced capital investment 

>significant energy savings 

>surpass equilibrium limitations 

>simplify complex processes

 >Increase product selectivity

>improve separation efficiency 


SEE SIMUALTION








 

2021/11/23

Relief Valve Sizing




Learning Objectives 


How to set up a pressure safety valve in HYSYS 






SEE SIMULATION






 

NGL Fractionation 2

Feed part2 Feed Characteristics Pressure (kPa) 5000 Temperature 25 (°C) Molar Flow (kgmol/hr) 2988 Feed Composition Nitrogen 1.49E-02 CO2 2....